Demographics of Kazakhstan
The population of the sovereign state of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the course of formation of the ethnic territory and demographic structure passed a difficult historical way.
Population in the Kazakh khanate during folding in the middle of the XV century made about 200 thousand people. For the next 70 years there was forced growth of the population at the expense of collecting of the Kazakh nationality and its territory. At the beginning of the XVI century the number of citizens of khan Kasym made 1 million people.
The beginning of formation of multinational structure of the population of Kazakhstan belongs to the XVI century.когда Russians, Ukrainians, Tatars and the representatives of other nationalities running from prosecutions of the Russian authorities, united in so-called Cossack outlaws. In the 1890th country colonization from Russia and Ukraine amplifies. On the basis of the fortresses constructed during military and migratory expansion of Russia, there were the first colonial cities occupied mainly by Russians, Ukrainians and Tatars. B1881 — 1883 from Xinjiang (China) moved about 50 thousand Uyghur and дунган which bulk took place in the territory of Kazakhstan.
According to population census of the Russian Empire 1897 three largest ethnic groups were allocated for territories of Kazakhstan: the Kazakhs making 81, 7% of the population, Russians — 10, 9 and Ukrainians — 1, 9%. But in 1914 the specific weight of Kazakhs decreased to 65, 1, and east Slavs (Russians, Ukrainians, Belarusians) increased to 29, 6%. Therefore, for 1897 — 1914 the specific weight of Kazakhs decreased on 16, 6 points, and the Slavic population rose by 16, 8 points.
The positive balance of migration of Russian and the Ukrainian population was the main reason of decrease in specific weight of indigenous people and its ratio with other ethnic groups. Country colonization of Kazakhstan especially amplified last decade XIX century — the beginning of the XX century in connection with a stolypinsky agrarian reform. In only 46 years (1871 — 1917) in the region settled over 1, 6 million people (without come back back), the vast majority which arrived in 1907 — 1916. As a result of it at the end of XIX — the beginning of the XX century process of formation of multinational structure of the population of Kazakhstan was accelerated. By the beginning of the XX century representatives lived about 60 nationalities among which, except the Turkic population (Uzbeks, Uyghurs, Kyrgyz, Karakalpaks, Tatars, Bashkirs etc.) were Germans, Poles, мордва, дунгане, Tajiks, Jews, etc. in the region.
