Kazakhstan natural resources
Natural Resource Governance Institute
With vast natural resources, including 30 billion barrels of oil reserves and 85 trillion cubic feet of natural gas, Kazakhstan is an increasingly important player in global energy markets. The government relied on hydrocarbons for 39 percent of its revenues in 2010. Kazakhstan exports more than 1.2 million barrels of oil per day and is the world's largest uranium producer; together the mining and petroleum industries accounted for 33 percent of gross domestic product in 2010 and 82 percent of exports in 2009.
Kazakhstan's Performance on the Revenue Governance Index
Kazakhstan received a "partial" score of 57, reflecting satisfactory performance on the Safeguards & Quality Controls component but a low Enabling Environment score.
Rank
(out of 58) |
Score
(out of 100) |
19 |
Composite Score |
57 |
28 |
Institutional & Legal Setting |
62 |
| Freedom of information law |
33 |
Comprehensive sector legislation |
100 |
EITI participation |
67 |
Independent licensing process |
83 |
Environmental and social impact assessments required |
50 |
Clarity in revenue collection |
Comprehensive public sector balance |
56 |
SOC financial reports required |
Fund rules defined in law |
Subnational transfer rules defined in law |
21 |
Reporting Practices |
58 |
| Licensing process |
Contracts |
Environmental and social impact assessments |
Exploration data |
17 |
Production volumes |
Production value |
Primary sources of revenue |
Secondary sources of revenue |
Subsidies |
Operating company names |
Comprehensive SOC reports |
SOC production data |
71 |
SOC revenue data |
78 |
SOC quasi fiscal activities |
SOC board of directors |
Fund rules |
Comprehensive fund reports |
Subnational transfer rules |
Comprehensive subnational transfer reports |
Subnational reporting of transfers |
Safeguards & Quality Controls |
76 |
| Checks on licensing process |
Checks on budgetary process |
89 |
Quality of government reports |
42 |
Government disclosure of conflicts of interest |
Quality of SOC reports |
SOC reports audited |
SOC use of international accounting standards |
SOC disclosure of conflicts of interest |
Quality of fund reports |
Fund reports audited |
Government follows fund rules |
Checks on fund spending |
Fund disclosure of conflicts of interest |
Quality of subnational transfer reports |
Government follows subnational transfer rules |
32 |
Enabling Environment |
| Corruption (TI Corruption Perceptions Index & WGI control of corruption) |
25 |
Open Budget (IBP Index) |
40 |
Accountability & democracy (EIU Democracy Index & WGI voice and accountability) |
18 |
Government effectiveness (WGI) |
44 |
Rule of law (WGI) |
Institutional & Legal Setting (Rank: 28th/58, Score: 62/100) learn more
Kazakhstan's "partial" score of 62 is the product of a detailed legislative framework but insufficient disclosure requirements.
The Oil and Gas Ministry grants hydrocarbon rights following a bidding process or direct negotiations. However, in 2007 the president imposed a moratorium on new licenses to reduce the influence of Chinese companies in the country's oil sector.
Source: www.resourcegovernance.org
